Analisis Filsafat atas Peran Manusia dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berbasis Bioteknologi
Keywords:
filsafat lingkungan, bioteknologi, etika ekologi, ekosentrisme, stewardship, rekayasa genetikaAbstract
Perkembangan bioteknologi sebagai instrument pengelolaan lingkungan menghadirkan pertanyaan-pertanyaan filosofis mendasar mengenai posisi, tanggung jawab, dan orientasi nilai manusia terhadap alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran manusia dalam pengelolaan lingkungan berbasis bioteknologi melalui tiga dimensi filsafat: ontologis, epistimologis, dan aksiologis. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif studi literature dan pendekatan analisis filsafat, kajian ini menelaah tiga paradigm peran manusia yaitu dominasi, stewardship, dan interdependensi yang mana dalam konteks dialektika bioteknologi dianggap sebagai solusi lingkungan atau alat ekploitasi baru. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan ekosentris yang mengintegrasikan nilai keberlanjutan, tanggung jawab moral, dan etika rekayasa genetika menjadi fondasi yang paling koheren bagi pengelolaan lingkungan yang adil dan berkelanjutan. Penguatan regulasi ekologis, literasi teknologi berbasis etika, dan kolaborasi interdisipliner antar sains, filsafat dan kebijakann direkomendasikan sebagai strategi implementasi.
References
Azra, A. (2022) 'Etika lingkungan dalam perspektif Islam: tantangan bioteknologi kontemporer', Jurnal Studi Islam dan Masyarakat, 15(2), pp. 87–112. https://doi.org/10.15575/jsim.v15i2.1234
Berkes, F. (2022) Sacred Ecology: Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Resource Management. 4th edn. New York: Routledge.
Berkes, F. (2022). Sacred Ecology (5th ed.). New York: Routledge.
Callicott, J.B. (2020) Thinking Like a Planet: The Land Ethic and the Earth Ethic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Creswell, J.W. and Poth, C.N. (2018) Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. 4th edn. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
Ellul, J. (2016) The Technological Society. Translated by J. Wilkinson. New York: Vintage Books. (Original work published 1954).
European Environment Agency (2018) Late Lessons from Early Warnings: The Precautionary Principle 1896–2000. Copenhagen: EEA Report No. 22/2018.
Funtowicz, S. and Ravetz, J.R. (2020) 'Science for the post-normal age', Futures, 25(7), pp. 739–755. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-3287(93)90022-L
Habermas, J. (2019) The Future of Human Nature. Translated by H. Beister and W. Rehg. Cambridge: Polity Press.
IPCC (2023) Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geneva: IPCC.
Jamieson, D. (2019) Ethics and the Environment: An Introduction. 2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jonas, H. (2018) The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of an Ethics for the Technological Age. Translated by H. Jonas and D. Herr. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Original work published 1979).
KLHK (2023) Status Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia 2023. Jakarta: Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan RI.
Ma, L.Q., Komar, K.M., Tu, C., Zhang, W., Cai, Y. & Kennelley, E.D. (2001). A fern that hyperaccumulates arsenic. Nature, 409(6820), 579. https://doi.org/10.1038/35054664
Merchant, C. (2020) The Death of Nature: Women, Ecology, and the Scientific Revolution. 2nd edn. San Francisco: Harper & Row.
Mortensen, D.A., Egan, J.F., Maxwell, B.D., Ryan, M.R. and Smith, R.G. (2022) 'Navigating a critical juncture for sustainable weed management', BioScience, 62(1), pp. 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2012.62.1.12
Naess, A. (2021) Ecology, Community and Lifestyle: Outline of an Ecosophy. Translated and edited by D. Rothenberg. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1989).
Nasr, S.H. (2022) Religion and the Order of Nature. 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Palmer, C., Sandøe, P. & Appleby, M.C. (2023). Environmental Ethics and Biotechnology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Palmer, M.A., Liu, J., Matthews, J.H., Mumba, M. and D'Odorico, P. (2023) 'Manage water in a green way', Science, 349(6248), pp. 584–585. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac7778
Rolston, H. III (2020) A New Environmental Ethics: The Next Millennium for Life on Earth. 2nd edn. New York: Routledge.
Shiva, V. (2019) Monocultures of the Mind: Perspectives on Biodiversity and Biotechnology. 3rd edn. London: Zed Books.
Siipi, H. (2021) 'Naturalness in biological sciences', Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 21(5), pp. 457–477. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-008-9106-y
Singh, A., Kuhad, R.C. & Ward, O.P. (2020). Advances in Applied Bioremediation. Berlin: Springer.
Singh, R., Trivedi, V.D., Karthikeyan, O.P. and Bhattacharya, T. (2020) 'Bioremediation of persistent organic pollutants from soil, water and air: a review of microbiological solutions', Journal of Cleaner Production, 272, p. 122956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122956
Siswanto, J. (2021) 'Filsafat lingkungan hidup dan implikasinya bagi pengembangan bioteknologi pertanian di Indonesia', Jurnal Filsafat, 31(1), pp. 1–28. https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.59432
Sudhana, I.M. (2021) 'Tri Hita Karana sebagai landasan etika lingkungan dalam perspektif filsafat Bali', Jurnal Kajian Bali, 11(2), pp. 245–268. https://doi.org/10.24843/JKB.2021.v11.i02.p01
Taylor, P.W. (1986). Respect for Nature: A Theory of Environmental Ethics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Taylor, P.W. (2016) Respect for Nature: A Theory of Environmental Ethics. 25th Anniversary edn. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Wangchuk, T. and Dorji, L. (2022) 'Traditional ecological knowledge and environmental governance in Bhutan: lessons for Asia-Pacific', Ecology and Society, 27(3), p. 15. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-13254-270315
WCED (World Commission on Environment and Development) (1987) Our Common Future [The Brundtland Report]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Winner, L. (2020) 'Do artifacts have politics?', Daedalus, 109(1), pp. 121–136.
Wynne, B. (2019) 'Uncertainty and environmental learning: reconceiving science and policy in the preventive paradigm', Global Environmental Change, 2(2), pp. 111–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-3780(92)90017-2
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sania Citra Alfifah, Muhammad Sarjan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
